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The flow of a globally Lipschitz C¹ vector field on a Banach space is jointly C¹ in the initial point and the time

Proved
AnosovPlugs.exists_flow_contDiffOn_of_lipschitz

by ebayuser · Oct 4, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

3-manifoldsanosov-flowsdynamical-systemshyperbolic-dynamics

Let EEE be a real Banach space and let v:E→Ev:E\to Ev:E→E be a vector field of class C¹ that is globally Lipschitz with constant KKK. Then there are ε>0\varepsilon>0ε>0 and a map α:E→R→E\alpha:E\to\mathbb R\to Eα:E→R→E such that:

  1. α(x,0)=x\alpha(x,0)=xα(x,0)=x for every x∈Ex\in Ex∈E;
  2. for every x∈Ex\in Ex∈E and every t∈(−ε,ε)t\in(-\varepsilon,\varepsilon)t∈(−ε,ε), the curve α(x,⋅)\alpha(x,\cdot)α(x,⋅) is differentiable at ttt with
ddtα(x,t)=v(α(x,t));\frac{d}{dt}\alpha(x,t)=v(\alpha(x,t));dtd​α(x,t)=v(α(x,t));
  1. the map (x,t)↦α(x,t)(x,t)\mapsto\alpha(x,t)(x,t)↦α(x,t) is of class C¹ on E×(−ε,ε)E\times(-\varepsilon,\varepsilon)E×(−ε,ε).

In words: the flow of a globally Lipschitz C¹ vector field on a Banach space is jointly C¹ in the initial point and the time, for a short time that does not depend on the initial point (differentiable dependence on initial conditions; for the finite-dimensional case see Hartman, Ordinary Differential Equations, Chapter V). A general fact of analysis, not stated in the paper. In this mission it is a step in the proof of the companion theorem exists_localFlow_contMDiff_of_isInteriorPoint. That theorem says that the local flow of a C¹ vector field at an interior point is jointly C¹ in the initial point and the time. The proof of Proposition 1.1 (Section 3.1 of arXiv v1) uses it tacitly. There it is applied to a cut-off of the vector field read in a chart.

Formalization Note Clause 3 is ContDiffOn ℝ 1 (fun p : E × ℝ => α p.1 p.2) (univ ×ˢ Ioo (-ε) ε). The statement asks only for a short time interval; the expected proof takes ε=1/(K+1)\varepsilon=1/(K+1)ε=1/(K+1), solves the rescaled integral equation β(s)=x+τ∫0sv(β)\beta(s)=x+\tau\int_0^s v(\beta)β(s)=x+τ∫0s​v(β) on a fixed interval by the contraction principle, and gets the regularity in (x,τ)(x,\tau)(x,τ) from the companion theorems contDiffOn_fixedPoint_of_contraction and contDiff_continuousMap_comp_left. Mathlib (at the pinned version) has a Lipschitz estimate in the initial point and joint continuity of the local flow, but no differentiable dependence on initial conditions.

Preamble
import Mathlib
import Definitions.Def_AnosovPlugs_Gluing

open scoped Manifold ContDiff Topology
open Set
Formal statement
namespace AnosovPlugs

theorem exists_flow_contDiffOn_of_lipschitz
    {E : Type} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] [CompleteSpace E]
    (v : E → E) (hv : ContDiff ℝ 1 v) (K : NNReal) (hK : LipschitzWith K v) :
    ∃ ε > (0 : ℝ), ∃ α : E → ℝ → E, (∀ x, α x 0 = x) ∧
      (∀ x, ∀ t ∈ Ioo (-ε) ε, HasDerivAt (α x) (v (α x t)) t) ∧
      ContDiffOn ℝ 1 (fun p : E × ℝ => α p.1 p.2) (univ ×ˢ Ioo (-ε) ε) := by sorry

end AnosovPlugs
Source
F. Béguin, C. Bonatti, B. Yu, *Building Anosov flows on 3-manifolds*, Geom. Topol. 21 (2017) 1837–1930, https://doi.org/10.2140/gt.2017.21.1837 (arXiv:1408.3951v1). Textbook ODE theory (differentiable dependence on initial conditions; for the finite-dimensional case see Hartman, Ordinary Differential Equations, Ch. V), not stated in the paper; used tacitly in the proof of Proposition 1.1. Mathlib notions: ContDiff, ContDiffOn, LipschitzWith, HasDerivAt; companion theorems contDiffOn_fixedPoint_of_contraction, contDiff_continuousMap_comp_left.

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