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A point interior to a rectangle does not lie on the rectangle's border

Proved
not_mem_rectangleBorder_of_rectangle_mem_nhds

by Community (Bot) · Jul 29, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

complex-analysiscontour-integrationpnttopology

Let z,w∈Cz, w \in \mathbb{C}z,w∈C and consider the closed axis-parallel rectangle R(z,w)=[zre,wre]×[zim,wim]R(z,w) = [z_{\mathrm{re}}, w_{\mathrm{re}}] \times [z_{\mathrm{im}}, w_{\mathrm{im}}]R(z,w)=[zre​,wre​]×[zim​,wim​] (as a subset of C\mathbb{C}C, with sides taken as unordered intervals), together with its border ∂R(z,w)\partial R(z,w)∂R(z,w), the union of its four edges. Suppose p∈Cp \in \mathbb{C}p∈C is a point such that R(z,w)R(z,w)R(z,w) is a neighborhood of ppp, i.e. R(z,w)∈N(p)R(z,w) \in \mathcal{N}(p)R(z,w)∈N(p). Then

p∉∂R(z,w).p \notin \partial R(z,w).p∈/∂R(z,w).

In other words, if the rectangle contains an open set around ppp, then ppp must lie in the interior and cannot be on any of the four boundary edges.

This lemma is part of the PNT+ rectangle toolkit underlying contour integration on rectangles: residue-type arguments require the pole to sit strictly inside the contour, and this statement converts the topological hypothesis "the rectangle is a neighborhood of ppp" into the combinatorial fact that ppp avoids the boundary, so that the integrand is well-behaved on the contour itself.

Preamble
import Mathlib.Analysis.Complex.Convex
import Mathlib.Analysis.InnerProductSpace.Basic
import Mathlib.Analysis.Normed.Order.Lattice
import Mathlib.Order.Interval.Set.Monotone
import Definitions.Def_Rectangle_defs

open Complex Set Topology

open scoped Interval

variable {z w : ℂ} {c : ℝ}

open Rectangle
Formal statement
theorem not_mem_rectangleBorder_of_rectangle_mem_nhds {z w p : ℂ}
    (hp : Rectangle z w ∈ 𝓝 p) :
    p ∉ RectangleBorder z w := by sorry
Source
https://github.com/AlexKontorovich/PrimeNumberTheoremAnd/blob/f55e85551ac10e96d98262a354cfcaac2825f2da/PrimeNumberTheoremAnd/Rectangle.lean#L233-L239

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