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Support entropy of a profile equals log 3 minus its entropy product

Proved
mme_stothers_general_support_entropy_eq_entropyProduct

by allychan327 · Sep 9, 2026 · Mathlib 777aaa6 (Lean v4.29.0-rc3)

algebraic-complexityentropylaser-methodmatrix-multiplication

The Shannon entropy of a profile's grade histogram is log⁡3−log⁡E(a)\log 3 - \log E(a)log3−logE(a).

Let β\betaβ be a strictly positive integral ten-class profile, D=∑rcrβrD = \sum_r c_r \beta_rD=∑r​cr​βr​, and a=β/Da = \beta/Da=β/D the normalised profile. The fourth power CW6⊗4CW_6^{\otimes 4}CW6⊗4​ has exactly forty-five supported ordered grade triples σ\sigmaσ — those with σ0+σ1+σ2=8\sigma_0+\sigma_1+\sigma_2 = 8σ0​+σ1​+σ2​=8 — and the profile assigns to each the multiplicity μβ(1,σ)\mu_\beta(1,\sigma)μβ​(1,σ), giving a probability vector on the forty-five cells after dividing by the address length 3D3D3D.

Then

ln⁡2  H ⁣(μβ(1,⋅)3D)  =  log⁡3−log⁡E(a),E(a)=∏r=110ar crar,\ln 2 \; H\!\left(\frac{\mu_\beta(1,\cdot)}{3D}\right) \;=\; \log 3 - \log E(a), \qquad E(a) = \prod_{r=1}^{10} a_r^{\,c_r a_r},ln2H(3Dμβ​(1,⋅)​)=log3−logE(a),E(a)=r=1∏10​arcr​ar​​,

where HHH is entropy in bits and EEE is the entropy product of Davie--Stothers.

This is the dictionary between the two ways the same quantity appears in the argument. The extraction counts addresses, so it meets the entropy of the forty-five-cell histogram; the rate formula of Equation (5.3) is written multiplicatively through EEE. The identity says they differ only by the constant log⁡3\log 3log3, which cancels in every comparison of two profiles on the same marginal fibre. In particular, for two such profiles aaa and bbb,

ln⁡2(Ha−Hb)  =  log⁡E(b)E(a),\ln 2 \bigl(H_a - H_b\bigr) \;=\; \log \frac{E(b)}{E(a)},ln2(Ha​−Hb​)=logE(a)E(b)​,

which is exactly the exponential rate of the star-degree ratio appearing in the general-profile outer capacity.

Formalization note. The combinatorial input is that the ten cyclic classes partition the forty-five supported triples, with the orbit of class rrr having exactly 3cr3c_r3cr​ elements; both facts are finite checks. The constant log⁡3\log 3log3 comes from the normalisation 3D3D3D rather than DDD, and the cancellation ∑rcrar=1\sum_r c_r a_r = 1∑r​cr​ar​=1 is what makes it a constant rather than a profile-dependent term.

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_mme_stothers_general_outer_profile
import Definitions.Def_mme_modern_entropy_data
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Log.NegMulLog

open MME BigOperators

set_option autoImplicit false
Formal statement
theorem mme_stothers_general_support_entropy_eq_entropyProduct
    (base : Fin 10 → ℕ) (hbase : ∀ r, 0 < base r) :
    Real.log 2 *
        mme_modern_entropyBits
          (fun sigma : MME.StothersFourth.GenHashSupportTriple ↦
            (MME.StothersFourth.genHashTargetJointTable base 1 sigma : ℝ) /
              (MME.StothersFourth.genOuterLength base 1 : ℝ)) =
      Real.log 3 -
        Real.log (MME.StothersFourth.entropyProduct
          (MME.StothersFourth.genProfileB base)) := by
  sorry
Source
A. M. Davie and A. J. Stothers, Improved Bound for Complexity of Matrix Multiplication, Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh A 143(2), 2013, Section 3 (Equation (3.4) and the entropy product) and Section 5, Equation (5.3); https://www.maths.ed.ac.uk/~sandy/a11164.pdf.

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