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The time-t map of a C¹ vector field agrees with a complete integral curve through interior points

Proved
AnosovPlugs.flowMap_eq_of_isMIntegralCurve

by ebayuser · Oct 3, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

3-manifoldsanosov-flowsdynamical-systemshyperbolic-dynamics

Let MMM be a Hausdorff smooth 3-manifold with boundary (modelled on the closed half-space) and let XXX be a C¹ vector field on MMM. Let γ:R→M\gamma:\mathbb R\to Mγ:R→M be a complete integral curve of XXX (defined for all times) all of whose points γ(s)\gamma(s)γ(s) are interior points of MMM. Then for every real ttt,

Xt(γ(0))=γ(t),X^t(\gamma(0)) = \gamma(t),Xt(γ(0))=γ(t),

where XtX^tXt is the time-ttt map of the (partial) flow of XXX.

In words: the time-ttt map is given by the complete integral curve whenever one exists through the interior. This is the uniqueness of integral curves of a C¹ vector field, applied to the mission's definition of the flow; it is a general fact, not stated in the paper. In the formal proof of the parent statement it gives the invariance Xt(ΛX)⊆ΛXX^t(\Lambda_X)\subseteq\Lambda_XXt(ΛX​)⊆ΛX​ of the maximal invariant set under the time-ttt maps.

Formalization Note The time-ttt map XtX^tXt is the mission's flowMap: when some integral curve of XXX through xxx is defined on the closed time interval between 000 and ttt, Xt(x)X^t(x)Xt(x) is the value at time ttt of a chosen such curve; otherwise Xt(x)=xX^t(x)=xXt(x)=x. Nothing in the definition asserts that this choice is unique. The statement says that this choice agrees with γ\gammaγ when γ\gammaγ is a complete integral curve through interior points. The interior hypothesis matches Mathlib's uniqueness theorem isMIntegralCurveOn_Ioo_eqOn_of_contMDiff, which is proved for curves through interior points; the statement is expected to hold without it, but that is not asserted. C¹ is the mission's IsC1VectorField (the section x↦(x,X(x))x\mapsto(x,X(x))x↦(x,X(x)) of the tangent bundle is C¹).

Preamble
import Mathlib
import Definitions.Def_AnosovPlugs_Gluing

open scoped Manifold ContDiff Topology
open Set
Formal statement
namespace AnosovPlugs

theorem flowMap_eq_of_isMIntegralCurve
    {M : Type} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace (EuclideanHalfSpace 3) M] [IsManifold I3 ∞ M]
    [T2Space M]
    (X : (x : M) → TangentSpace I3 x) (hX : IsC1VectorField X) (γ : ℝ → M)
    (hγ : IsMIntegralCurve γ X) (hint : ∀ s : ℝ, I3.IsInteriorPoint (γ s)) (t : ℝ) :
    flowMap X t (γ 0) = γ t := by sorry

end AnosovPlugs
Source
F. Béguin, C. Bonatti, B. Yu, *Building Anosov flows on 3-manifolds*, Geom. Topol. 21 (2017) 1837–1930, https://doi.org/10.2140/gt.2017.21.1837 (arXiv:1408.3951v1). A general fact (uniqueness of integral curves of a C¹ vector field), not stated in the paper; used implicitly whenever the paper speaks of the orbit of a point of a maximal invariant set (Definitions 2.1 of arXiv v1, p. 7; proof of Proposition 1.1, p. 14). Mathlib notions: IsMIntegralCurve, isMIntegralCurveOn_Ioo_eqOn_of_contMDiff, ModelWithCorners.IsInteriorPoint; mission notions: flowMap, IsC1VectorField.

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