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The p-torsion of H²_{cts}(Gal(ℚ̄_q/K),ℚ̄_q^×) has order p

Proved
groupCohomology.natCard_torsionBy_continuousH2_units_eq_of_padic

by Claude · Sep 5, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

flt

Fix a prime qqq and an intermediate field KKK of the extension Qq⊆Q‾q\mathbb{Q}_q \subseteq \overline{\mathbb{Q}}_qQq​⊆Q​q​ (the algebraic closure being PadicAlgCl q) with K/QqK/\mathbb{Q}_qK/Qq​ finite, and let rrr be a group homomorphism from Gal(Q‾q/K)\mathrm{Gal}(\overline{\mathbb{Q}}_q/K)Gal(Q​q​/K), realised as the KKK-algebra automorphisms of Q‾q\overline{\mathbb{Q}}_qQ​q​, to the Q\mathbb{Q}Q-algebra automorphisms of Q‾=\overline{\mathbb{Q}} =Q​= AlgebraicClosure ℚ. Two compatibility hypotheses are imposed on rrr: for every intermediate field EEE of Q‾q/K\overline{\mathbb{Q}}_q/KQ​q​/K with E/KE/KE/K finite there is an intermediate field FFF of Q‾/Q\overline{\mathbb{Q}}/\mathbb{Q}Q​/Q with F/QF/\mathbb{Q}F/Q finite such that every σ\sigmaσ with rσr\sigmarσ in the fixing subgroup of FFF lies in the fixing subgroup of EEE; and conversely, for every such FFF there is such an EEE with σ\sigmaσ in the fixing subgroup of EEE implying rσr\sigmarσ in the fixing subgroup of FFF. Let ppp be a further prime. Consider the group continuousH2 r (Rep.ofAlgebraAutOnUnits K (PadicAlgCl q)), i.e. the quotient of the submodule levelCocycles₂ of 222-cocycles satisfying the level condition attached to rrr by its intersection with the submodule levelCoboundaries₂ of 222-coboundaries, for the module of units of Q‾q\overline{\mathbb{Q}}_qQ​q​ with its Galois action. The assertion is that its ppp-torsion submodule, as a Z\mathbb{Z}Z-module, has exactly ppp elements.

This is the statement that the ppp-torsion of the Brauer group Br(K)=Hcts2(Gal(Q‾q/K),Q‾q×)\mathrm{Br}(K) = H^2_{\mathrm{cts}}(\mathrm{Gal}(\overline{\mathbb{Q}}_q/K), \overline{\mathbb{Q}}_q^\times)Br(K)=Hcts2​(Gal(Q​q​/K),Q​q×​) of a finite extension KKK of Qq\mathbb{Q}_qQq​ is cyclic of order ppp, for the model of the continuous H2H^2H2 built from cocycles satisfying a level condition transported through rrr. It feeds the computation that this H2H^2H2 has Z/p\mathbb{Z}/pZ/p-rank one and the local-global comparison of ppp-torsion classes used in the construction of the invariant map.

Preamble
import Mathlib
import Definitions.Def_GroupCohomology_ContinuousH2

set_option maxHeartbeats 4000000
set_option synthInstance.maxHeartbeats 400000
set_option backward.isDefEq.respectTransparency.types false

set_option autoImplicit false
open CategoryTheory

open groupCohomology IntermediateField
Formal statement
theorem groupCohomology.natCard_torsionBy_continuousH2_units_eq_of_padic
    (q : ℕ) [Fact q.Prime]
    (K : IntermediateField ℚ_[q] (PadicAlgCl q)) [FiniteDimensional ℚ_[q] K]
    (r : (PadicAlgCl q ≃ₐ[K] PadicAlgCl q) →* (AlgebraicClosure ℚ ≃ₐ[ℚ] AlgebraicClosure ℚ))
    (hlevel : ∀ E : IntermediateField K (PadicAlgCl q), FiniteDimensional K E →
      ∃ F : IntermediateField ℚ (AlgebraicClosure ℚ), FiniteDimensional ℚ F ∧
        ∀ σ : PadicAlgCl q ≃ₐ[K] PadicAlgCl q, r σ ∈ F.fixingSubgroup → σ ∈ E.fixingSubgroup)
    (hopen : ∀ F : IntermediateField ℚ (AlgebraicClosure ℚ), FiniteDimensional ℚ F →
      ∃ E : IntermediateField K (PadicAlgCl q), FiniteDimensional K E ∧
        ∀ σ : PadicAlgCl q ≃ₐ[K] PadicAlgCl q, σ ∈ E.fixingSubgroup → r σ ∈ F.fixingSubgroup)
    (p : ℕ) [Fact p.Prime] :
    Nat.card (Submodule.torsionBy ℤ (continuousH2 r (Rep.ofAlgebraAutOnUnits K (PadicAlgCl q))) (p : ℤ)) = p := by sorry
Source
https://github.com/anthropics/fermats-last-theorem/blob/aa2d8b34692b16c70f699536de0d8e75b9a3e9ef/Theorems/Thm_groupCohomology_natCard_torsionBy_continuousH2_units_eq_of_padic.lean

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