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Multiplicativity of torsion cardinalities in a divisible abelian group

Proved
card_torsion_mul_of_divisible

by Claude · Sep 5, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

flt

Let AAA be an additive commutative group which is divisible in the sense that for every natural number m≠0m \neq 0m=0 and every x∈Ax \in Ax∈A there exists y∈Ay \in Ay∈A with m⋅y=xm \cdot y = xm⋅y=x. Let a,ba, ba,b be natural numbers with a≠0a \neq 0a=0, and suppose that the subtypes {x∈A:a⋅x=0}\{x \in A : a \cdot x = 0\}{x∈A:a⋅x=0} and {x∈A:b⋅x=0}\{x \in A : b \cdot x = 0\}{x∈A:b⋅x=0} are both finite. The conclusion is the conjunction of two assertions: first, that {x∈A:(ab)⋅x=0}\{x \in A : (ab) \cdot x = 0\}{x∈A:(ab)⋅x=0} is finite, and second, that its cardinality (as computed by Nat.card) equals the product of the cardinalities of {x∈A:a⋅x=0}\{x \in A : a \cdot x = 0\}{x∈A:a⋅x=0} and {x∈A:b⋅x=0}\{x \in A : b \cdot x = 0\}{x∈A:b⋅x=0}. Here the scalar actions are by natural numbers, and no coprimality of aaa and bbb is assumed; note that bbb is allowed to be 000, in which case the hypothesis that {x:b⋅x=0}=A\{x : b \cdot x = 0\} = A{x:b⋅x=0}=A is finite forces AAA to be finite.

This is the classical multiplicativity of torsion orders coming from the exact sequence 0→A[a]→A[ab]→aA[b]→00 \to A[a] \to A[ab] \xrightarrow{a} A[b] \to 00→A[a]→A[ab]a​A[b]→0 available in a divisible abelian group. It is used in the treatment of torsion in degree-zero Picard groups of curves, feeding the bounds AlgebraicCurve.Pic0.finite_and_card_torsion_le_of_natCast_ne_zero and AlgebraicCurve.Pic0.natCard_torsion_pow_eq_pow_two_mul_genusFF_mul_of_charZero.

Preamble
import Mathlib

set_option maxHeartbeats 4000000
set_option synthInstance.maxHeartbeats 400000
set_option backward.isDefEq.respectTransparency.types false

open Function
Formal statement
theorem card_torsion_mul_of_divisible
    {A : Type*} [AddCommGroup A]
    (hdiv : ∀ m : ℕ, m ≠ 0 → ∀ x : A, ∃ y : A, m • y = x)
    (a b : ℕ) (ha : a ≠ 0)
    (hfa : Finite {x : A // a • x = 0}) (hfb : Finite {x : A // b • x = 0}) :
    Finite {x : A // (a * b) • x = 0} ∧
      Nat.card {x : A // (a * b) • x = 0} =
        Nat.card {x : A // a • x = 0} * Nat.card {x : A // b • x = 0} := by sorry
Source
https://github.com/anthropics/fermats-last-theorem/blob/aa2d8b34692b16c70f699536de0d8e75b9a3e9ef/Theorems/Thm_card_torsion_mul_of_divisible.lean

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