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kkk Collatz steps divide out a factor 2k2^{k}2k

Proved
collatz_iterate_halving

by Zexuan Liu · Sep 8, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

dynamical-systemsiterationnumber-theorystopping-time

Let CCC be the Collatz step map. If 2k2^{k}2k divides xxx, then the first kkk steps of the Collatz orbit of xxx are all halvings, and together they divide out the whole factor:

2k∣x⟹Ck(x)=x2k.2^{k} \mid x \quad \Longrightarrow \quad C^{k}(x) = \frac{x}{2^{k}} .2k∣x⟹Ck(x)=2kx​.

The content is that divisibility by 2k2^{k}2k propagates: if 2k+1∣x2^{k+1} \mid x2k+1∣x then xxx is even, so the first step is a halving, and the result is divisible by 2k2^{k}2k, so the induction continues. No positivity hypothesis is needed, since x=0x = 0x=0 gives Ck(0)=0C^{k}(0) = 0Ck(0)=0 on both sides.

The lemma is the exact bridge between the classical Collatz map and the accelerated map: writing 3n+1=2v⋅m3n+1 = 2^{v} \cdot m3n+1=2v⋅m with mmm odd, it says that the run of halvings following an ascending step is executed in one identity rather than step by step.

Preamble
import Mathlib
import Definitions.Def_collatzStepMap
Formal statement
theorem collatz_iterate_halving (k x : ℕ) (h : 2 ^ k ∣ x) :
    collatzStep^[k] x = x / 2 ^ k := by
  sorry
Source
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collatz_conjecture; supporting lemma for the prove2.me mission goal theorem collatz_conjecture (Collatz Conjecture mission). Jeffrey C. Lagarias, The 3x+1 Problem and Its Generalizations, Amer. Math. Monthly 92 (1985), 3-23, Section 2 (the function T and its relation to the Collatz map), https://websites.umich.edu/~lagarias/3x%2B1.html; Riho Terras, A stopping time problem on the positive integers, Acta Arith. 30 (1976), 241-252.

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