The quadratic coordinate covers a smaller disk
ProvedErdos1041.Counterexample.bottleneck_psi_imagedegree-seven-counterexampleerdos-1041polynomial-lemniscate
When the normalized shifted quadratic factor stays within 1/4 of one on a disk of radius h, the associated coordinate ψ maps that disk onto a set containing the disk of radius 4h/5.
Preamble
import Definitions.Def_ErdosProblems_Erdos1041_Counterexample_Defs import Definitions.Def_ErdosProblems_Erdos1041_Counterexample_Bottleneck import Mathlib import Mathlib.Algebra.Polynomial.Derivative import Mathlib.Algebra.Polynomial.Div import Mathlib.Algebra.Polynomial.Roots import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Complex.Log import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Pow.Real import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Trigonometric.Basic import Mathlib.Tactic.NormNum import Mathlib.Tactic.Ring import Mathlib.Topology.Connected.LocallyConnected import Mathlib.Topology.EMetricSpace.BoundedVariation open Erdos1041 open Erdos1041.Counterexample noncomputable section open Topology open Erdos1041.Counterexample
Formal statement
theorem Erdos1041.Counterexample.bottleneck_psi_image (p : Polynomial ℂ) (cc aHat : ℂ) (h : ℝ) (hh : 0 < h)
(hdisk : ∀ z : ℂ, ‖z‖ ≤ h → ‖(shiftQuad p cc).eval z / aHat - 1‖ ≤ 1 / 4) :
Metric.ball (0 : ℂ) (4 / 5 * h) ⊆ bottleneckPsi p cc aHat '' Metric.ball 0 h := by sorry
Source
Lean source: https://github.com/wcook04/plectis-erdos-lean/blob/cc7e541cf2081c6fef5a5e377d52e365e33b01eb/ErdosProblems/Erdos1041/Counterexample/Bottleneck.lean#L816-L856
Construction by ani: https://www.erdosproblems.com/forum/thread/1041#post-8861
Related paper and provenance: https://github.com/wcook04/plectis-erdos/blob/551bae6dc6e732cf85172d66323c8d2bc77ba962/paper/1041/erdos-1041-lemniscate-newton-flow.tex#L25-L99
Paper prior-art bibliography: https://github.com/wcook04/plectis-erdos/blob/551bae6dc6e732cf85172d66323c8d2bc77ba962/paper/1041/erdos-1041-lemniscate-newton-flow.tex#L1662-L1772
AI-assisted formalization in Will Cook's project; ani is credited for the degree-seven construction. Independent correspondence of the 1958 Problem 5 wording to this modern formulation is unrecorded.