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Corollary B: any two distinct lines of an STS(7) meet in exactly one point

Proved
FanoUnique.lines_meet

by ShapeZero · Sep 24, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

combinatoricsfano-planesteiner-triple-systems

Let SSS be a Steiner triple system on {0,…,6}\{0, \dots, 6\}{0,…,6}. Any two distinct lines ℓ≠ℓ′\ell \neq \ell'ℓ=ℓ′ of SSS share exactly one point:

∣ℓ∩ℓ′∣=1.|\ell \cap \ell'| = 1 .∣ℓ∩ℓ′∣=1.

At most one, because a shared pair would lie on two lines; at least one, because the 333 points of a line each lie on 222 further lines, giving 666 lines that meet it — all of the others.

Preamble
import Mathlib
import Definitions.Def_FanoUnique_isFano
Formal statement
namespace FanoUnique

open RolesForceSeven

theorem lines_meet (S : STS 7) :
    ∀ l ∈ S.lines, ∀ l' ∈ S.lines, l ≠ l' → (l ∩ l').card = 1 := by
  sorry

end FanoUnique
Source
Shape Zero LLC, "Formal Proofs of the C1 Verification Package" (August 2026), §3, proof of Theorem 3.3 ("Uniqueness of STS(7) is classical"); obtained as a corollary of that uniqueness: https://github.com/ShapeZeroSZ/shape-zero/blob/main/01_source/proofs/ShapeZero_C1_Formal_Proofs.pdf ; public references: Wikipedia, "Fano plane": https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fano_plane ; Wikipedia, "Steiner system": https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steiner_system
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What the Lean code literally says, in plain math · claude-opus-5-5

Theorem lines_meet. Let SSS be an arbitrary object of type "Steiner triple system on 7 points" (the only hypothesis). This type is defined in the bundle as a structure consisting of:

  • a finite set LS\mathcal{L}_SLS​ of subsets of the 7-element point set {0,1,…,6}\{0,1,\dots,6\}{0,1,…,6} (the "lines");
  • the condition that every line has exactly 3 elements: ∣l∣=3|l| = 3∣l∣=3 for all l∈LSl \in \mathcal{L}_Sl∈LS​;
  • the condition that for any two points x≠yx \neq yx=y there is exactly one line l∈LSl \in \mathcal{L}_Sl∈LS​ with x∈lx \in lx∈l and y∈ly \in ly∈l (existence and uniqueness).

No other condition is imposed on SSS (in particular, nothing requires SSS to be isomorphic to any specific configuration). The statement asserts: for every line l∈LSl \in \mathcal{L}_Sl∈LS​ and every line l′∈LSl' \in \mathcal{L}_Sl′∈LS​ with l≠l′l \neq l'l=l′ (as subsets of points),

∣ l∩l′ ∣=1,|\,l \cap l'\,| = 1,∣l∩l′∣=1,

i.e. any two distinct lines of SSS share exactly one point — neither zero points nor two or more.

Remarks on scope: the theorem quantifies over all such systems SSS on exactly 7 points; it is not restricted to SSS being "Fano" in the sense of the imported predicate IsFano\mathrm{IsFano}IsFano (which says some bijection eee of the 7 points maps LS\mathcal{L}_SLS​ onto the lines {{i,i+1,i+3}:i∈Z/7}\{\{i, i+1, i+3\} : i \in \mathbb{Z}/7\}{{i,i+1,i+3}:i∈Z/7}, addition mod 7), and neither that predicate, the concrete system fano, nor the "role colouring" definition from the imported files appears in the statement. The hypothesis set is satisfiable (the concrete system with lines {i,i+1,i+3}\{i, i+1, i+3\}{i,i+1,i+3}, i∈Z/7i \in \mathbb{Z}/7i∈Z/7, is a Steiner triple system on 7 points by the bundle's own construction), so the statement is not vacuous. If LS\mathcal{L}_SLS​ had fewer than two lines the claim would hold trivially, but the pair-covering condition on 7 points forces lines to exist.

Human review
  • Endorsed by Shuze Chen · Sep 25, 2026

    Confirmed by the moderator at approval.

  • Endorsed by ShapeZero · Sep 25, 2026

    Confirmed by the mission captain (proposal self-audit).

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