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Zudilin contour region pow

Proved
ErdosProblems.Erdos1049.zudilinContourRegion_pow

by willcook · Sep 30, 2026 · Mathlib c5ea003 (Lean v4.30.0)

erdos-1049formalizationlambert-series

If a,b are in the contour region, then so are a^r,b^r for every positive natural r.

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_ErdosProblems_Erdos1049_ZudilinHeightRegion
import Definitions.Def_ErdosProblems_Erdos1049_RationalBaseContour
import Mathlib.Algebra.BigOperators.Group.Finset.Basic
import Mathlib.Analysis.PSeries
import Mathlib.Analysis.Real.Pi.Bounds
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Log.Basic
import Mathlib.NumberTheory.ZetaValues
import Mathlib.Tactic.FieldSimp
import Mathlib.Tactic.NormNum
import Mathlib.Tactic.Ring
import Mathlib.Topology.Algebra.InfiniteSum.Real

/-!
# Erdős #1049: the rational-base contour of Zudilin's `(14,12,14;27)` forms

The proof note `RationalBaseIrrationality_31_4_Proof.md` shows that the linear
forms of W. Zudilin, *Heine's basic transform and a permutation group for
q-harmonic series*, Acta Arith. 111 (2004) 153–164, in the direction
`(α₀,α₁,α₂;β) = (14,12,14;27)`, after homogenisation at a reduced rational base
`a/b`, prove that `F(a/b) = ∑_{m≥1} 1/((a/b)^m - 1)` is irrational whenever

`log b / log a < θ* := C₀ / C₁`,   `C₁ = 1091/2`,   `C₀ = 266 - (3/π²)(225 - J)`,

where `J = ∑_{i=1}^{13} (ψ₁(uᵢ) - ψ₁(vᵢ))` is the trigamma integral of Zudilin's
step function `ω` over its thirteen printed intervals `[uᵢ, vᵢ)` and
`ψ₁(x) = ∑_{k≥0} 1/(k+x)²`.

This module formalises the finite part of that theorem: the constants are
defined from the trigamma series, and Lean proves

* `eightyOne_twoHundredths_lt_zudilinContour : 81/200 < θ*` from the single
  `k = 0` term of each trigamma difference and `π > 3.14`;
* `zudilinContour_lt_half : θ* < 1/2` from `J < ψ₁(1/14) < 198`;
* membership of `31/4` and every power `(31/4)^r` in the contour region, and
  the inclusion of the older `81/200` region in it;
* exclusion of `3/2` from the contour region;
* the exact integer bookkeeping of the forms: `2M(a;b) = 2(266n² + 34n + 1)`,
  the degree step `d_{k+1} - d_k = 40n + 1 - k`, and the top degree
  `2 d_{b-1} = 1091n² + 81n + 2`.

No analytic step is formalised.  Zudilin's Lemma 7 (integrality in `ℤ[p]`),
his Lemma 2 (trigamma equidistribution of `φ(l)`), and the Archimedean
estimate stay in the ordinary proof note.  Membership in the contour region is
the exact hypothesis that note consumes; it is not by itself an irrationality
statement.
-/


/-! ## The trigamma series `ψ₁(x) = ∑_{k≥0} 1/(k+x)²` -/















/-! ## The thirteen intervals and the constant `J` -/













/-! ## Lower bound: `J > 77.6`, hence `θ* > 81/200` -/











/-! ## Upper bound: `J < ψ₁(1/14) < 198`, hence `θ* < 1/2` -/











/-! ## Membership and exclusion -/

open ErdosProblems.Erdos1049

Formal statement
theorem ErdosProblems.Erdos1049.zudilinContourRegion_pow (a b r : ℕ) (hr : 0 < r)
    (h : ZudilinContourRegion a b) :
    ZudilinContourRegion (a ^ r) (b ^ r) := by sorry
Source
Pinned Lean source: https://github.com/wcook04/plectis-erdos-lean/blob/c93c2e4dd86a2e317e0cb650ea244fee1afd59c2/ErdosProblems/Erdos1049/RationalBaseContour.lean#L269-L276 Paper exposition and prior-art bibliography: https://github.com/wcook04/plectis-erdos/blob/551bae6dc6e732cf85172d66323c8d2bc77ba962/paper/1049/erdos-1049-rational-base-lambert.tex#L1252-L1257 Correspondence: Erdős #1049 formal source; the rational-base Lambert-series method follows Zudilin, without a novelty or universal rational-base claim.

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