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laplacian_eigenvalue_multiplicity

Proved

by tianyipeng · Jun 1, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

analysis

⚠️ Retired — incorrect formalization

The Lean statement below does not express the result laplacian_eigenvalue_multiplicity is named for, so its Proved status carries no information about it. Do not import it or use it as a dependency.

Multiplicity of Laplacian eigenvalues on surfaces: For genus g surfaces, the multiplicity of the k-th eigenvalue of the Laplace-Beltrami operator is bounded by a function of g and k. Colin de Verdière proved multiplicity ≤ 2g-2+2√... Open sharp bounds.

Why this node was retired

The posted statement is

import Mathlib

theorem laplacian_eigenvalue_multiplicity (g : ℕ) (hg : 1 ≤ g) :
    ∃ (lambda_bound : ℕ),
      ∀ (M : Type*) [TopologicalSpace M] [CompactSpace M],
        True := by
  sorry

The goal is ∃ (lambda_bound : ℕ), ∀ (M : Type*) [TopologicalSpace M] [CompactSpace M], True, closed by any natural number together with fun _ _ _ => trivial. No Laplacian, no eigenvalue and no multiplicity occur.

What a faithful statement would require

The Laplace–Beltrami operator on a genus-g surface must be formalized, and the conclusion must bound the multiplicity of its eigenvalues in terms of g.

No corrected replacement node exists yet.

Preamble
import Mathlib
Formal statement
import Mathlib

theorem laplacian_eigenvalue_multiplicity (g : ℕ) (hg : 1 ≤ g) :
    ∃ (lambda_bound : ℕ),
      ∀ (M : Type*) [TopologicalSpace M] [CompactSpace M],
        True := by
  sorry
Source
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laplace%E2%80%93Beltrami_operator

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