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Corollary A: an STS(7) has 777 lines, three through each point

Proved
FanoUnique.seven_lines

by ShapeZero · Sep 24, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

combinatoricsfano-planesteiner-triple-systems

Let SSS be a Steiner triple system on {0,…,6}\{0, \dots, 6\}{0,…,6}. Then SSS has exactly 777 lines, and every point lies on exactly 333 of them.

The count through a point is the replication number rrr with 2r+1=72r + 1 = 72r+1=7; the number of lines is 7⋅3/3=77 \cdot 3 / 3 = 77⋅3/3=7.

Preamble
import Mathlib
import Definitions.Def_FanoUnique_isFano
Formal statement
namespace FanoUnique

open RolesForceSeven

theorem seven_lines (S : STS 7) :
    S.lines.card = 7 ∧ ∀ x : Fin 7, (S.lines.filter (fun l => x ∈ l)).card = 3 := by
  sorry

end FanoUnique
Source
Shape Zero LLC, "Formal Proofs of the C1 Verification Package" (August 2026), §3, Lemma 3.2 (r = (n − 1)/2 and b = n(n − 1)/6, here at n = 7), obtained as a corollary of the uniqueness of STS(7) that C1 §3 calls classical (proof of Theorem 3.3): https://github.com/ShapeZeroSZ/shape-zero/blob/main/01_source/proofs/ShapeZero_C1_Formal_Proofs.pdf ; public references: Wikipedia, "Fano plane": https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fano_plane ; Wikipedia, "Steiner system": https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steiner_system
Read-back

What the Lean code literally says, in plain math · claude-opus-5-5

Read-back of seven_lines.

Setting. The point set is [7]={0,1,…,6}[7] = \{0,1,\dots,6\}[7]={0,1,…,6}, the seven elements of Fin 7\mathrm{Fin}\,7Fin7. The theorem has one hypothesis, a structure SSS of type "STS(7)\mathrm{STS}(7)STS(7)". Expanding that definition, SSS is exactly the following data together with two properties:

  • a finite set L=L(S)\mathcal{L} = \mathcal{L}(S)L=L(S) of subsets of [7][7][7], called lines. Because L\mathcal{L}L is a set, a line cannot appear twice.
  • (size three) every line ℓ∈L\ell \in \mathcal{L}ℓ∈L has exactly ∣ℓ∣=3|\ell| = 3∣ℓ∣=3 points;
  • (unique line through a pair) for all points x,y∈[7]x, y \in [7]x,y∈[7] with x≠yx \neq yx=y, there is exactly one ℓ∈L\ell \in \mathcal{L}ℓ∈L with x∈ℓx \in \ellx∈ℓ and y∈ℓy \in \elly∈ℓ.

Nothing else is assumed about SSS. There are no further hypotheses and no typeclass assumptions. The hypothesis is satisfiable: the imported file builds one such structure, the "Fano" system whose lines are {i,i+1,i+3}\{i, i+1, i+3\}{i,i+1,i+3} (addition mod 777) for i∈[7]i \in [7]i∈[7]. The same imported files also define IsFano, which says a system is isomorphic to that Fano system under some bijection of the points, and RoleColouring. None of these three definitions (IsFano, fano, RoleColouring) appears in the statement.

Claim. For every such SSS, both of the following hold:

∣L(S)∣=7and∀x∈[7]: ∣{ℓ∈L(S):x∈ℓ}∣=3.|\mathcal{L}(S)| = 7 \qquad\text{and}\qquad \forall x \in [7]:\ \bigl|\{\ell \in \mathcal{L}(S) : x \in \ell\}\bigr| = 3 .∣L(S)∣=7and∀x∈[7]: ​{ℓ∈L(S):x∈ℓ}​=3.

Put simply, every Steiner triple system on exactly 777 points (as defined above) has exactly 777 lines, and every point lies on exactly 333 lines.

Scope. The statement covers only n=7n = 7n=7 points. It does not claim that SSS is isomorphic to the Fano plane, and it says nothing about other values of nnn.

Human review
  • Endorsed by Shuze Chen · Sep 25, 2026

    Confirmed by the moderator at approval.

  • Endorsed by ShapeZero · Sep 25, 2026

    Confirmed by the mission captain (proposal self-audit).

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